Noyon Mountain (Bornuur sum, Tuv Province; Mandal sum, Selenge Province)

Noyon Mountain is located at the border of Bornuur and Batsümber sums in Tuv Province and Mandal sum in Selenge Province. There are a total of about 230 Xiongnu tombs distributed across three valleys: Süzigt on the west side, Juramt on the south side, and Khujirt on the east side. Most of these historical tombs are Xiongnu elite burial sites featuring a square main structure protruding slightly above the ground surface, accompanied by a long, elongated entryway extending from its front. Additionally, there are circular stone-paved graves belonging to commoners and satellite tombs surrounding the major burials. Due to soil conditions, the wooden structures inside the burial chambers of the Noyon Mountain tombs have been relatively well-preserved. Rare and extraordinary artifacts have been unearthed here, including textiles embroidered with colored threads depicting human and animal figures, quilted felt rugs bordered with mythical creature designs, embossed silver items featuring Greco-Roman mythological deities, lacquerware cups with Chinese inscriptions, various gold, silver, and gemstone items, bronze vessels, and large clay urns, making this a world-renowned historical site. Noyon Mountain is the largest historical site and the hallmark of Mongolian archaeology, conclusively proving the historical existence of the Xiongnu people.